The exam consists of 45 MCQs and 6 free-response questions. In terms of content, Physics C is definitely harder than Chemistry. it should not be taken based on what is hard or easy. And response questions test your ability to explain and justify by given data use. Advanced Placement classes offer students the opportunity to try out college-level courses and explore advanced topics in an area of interest while theyre still in high school. Here are the ten hardest AP exams, based on the 2019 data. Based on the policies of your potential colleges, you might decide to take, or to refrain from taking, certain AP courses. Also, the more concrete evidence you can include in your free responses, the better essay scores you will get. If you want to take any of these classes, you need to get info about the class at your school. She has gotten 5's on her exams and A's in the classes. AP Chem or Physics? SAT Subject Tests are hour-long multiple-choice exams that are scored on a scale of 200 to 800. The subject is more focused on understanding the historical concepts of the course. After all, youre likely to perform better on a test in a field that interests and excites you. You can read about Physics C at the course home pages for Electricity and Magnetism and Mechanics. Hence, the subject requires critical thinking of the historical movements. Physics 1. Idk what to choose next year. ACT is a registered trademark belonging to ACT, Inc. ACT, Inc. is not involved with or affiliated with Prep Expert, nor does ACT, Inc. endorse or sponsor any of the products or services offered by Prep Expert.. As Seen On Shark Tank | 100,000+ Students Prepped, AP exam can definitely help your college and career prospects. If youre having trouble deciding between potential classes though, checking college policies can help guide your decision in a more practical way. In short, be prepared to work very hard and be vigilant about keeping up with the course. In addition to any concerns about the difficulty of the relevant exams, students may wonder which courses are the hardest to pass. We'll start our discussion here, but beware that the passing rates don't automatically tell you which classes are hardest. Thinking about taking the AP exams? Because the curriculum covers such a broad range of materialunlike a course like U.S Government and Politics, which has a 48.6% pass rateit doesnt go into the depths that other AP classes do. This is why I place AP Bio < AP Chem < AP Phys on the difficulty spectrum. And for this, you need to have the ability to read a given passage pretty well. You have to write an essay on a play or book which you read in your class. Not like world history, where you could rely on observations and general trends. Because there are many things, they need to memorize. The Three Hardest AP Classes. I'm better at chemistry than physics, but so would it be smarter to save Chemistry for college and try to pass the physics . When choosing AP classes, your own strengths and weaknesses are the most important factors to consider. 2023 Prep Expert. These concepts are scarcity, production possibility, demand, supply, comparative advantage, and price determination., It is a 2 hours 10 minutes exam consisting of 60 MCQs, 3 free-response questions. If not, then it's easy to pass this exam. If we take the difference between AP Physics and AP Chemistry we dont find a big difference in enrollment numbers. You have three choices when it comes to AP Calculus and they all . That said, AP Chemistry is not far behind AP Physics 1 has a pass rate of about 52% while AP Chemistry has a pass rate of 56%. By providing your email address, you agree to our Privacy Policy and Terms & Conditions, 10 Secrets To Raise Your SAT Score 200 Points. AP Tests consist of multiple choice and essay sections, last for several hours, and are scored on a scale of 1-5. If you are interested to major in physics, then is better to choose AP exams by beginning with the AP 1 exam and then going to the next one which is an AP 2, this will save you a lot of headache and time, especially the first you physics algebra-based subjects. As a student who asked what to choose between AP Physics and AP Chemistry, in this case, you would not have two things to choose between. Regarded as one of the easiest AP classes, AP Environmental Science still manages to give students trouble. Despite a reputation as one of the most difficult AP classes, Physics 1 is also one of the most popular144,526 students took it in 2022. The passing rate differs from a massive margin. In a similar vein to AP U.S. History, AP Government & Politics remains one of the most popular AP exams taken by students, despite its high level of difficulty. Below is a list of the AP exams offered by the College Board, along with the percentage of students who received a passing grade on each: Percentage of Students Who Scored 3 or Higher. AP Psych is commonly considered easy due to its uncomplicated coursework. Given these circumstances for Students who should take AP Physics C exams, they must have an intent to Major in electrical engineering or even phsyics. It covers energy and power, Newtonian mechanics, introductory, simple circuits, mechanical waves, etc. For example, it's enough to know when a specific incident in the world happened in world history. The difficulty of these is a bit tougher to quantify, since AP Language exams test multiple years of learning a language, as opposed to one year of material. Keep reading for tips on evaluating the relative difficulty of various AP classes and determining which ones to fit into your schedule. Thus the mathematical concept is the most essential to pass. See how other students and parents are navigating high school, college, and the college admissions process. Some consider it "two classes in one" due to the necessary calculus knowledge. The course covers college-level instruction on electrical charge, force, and Newtonian mechanics. This 3 hours 15 minutes long exam consists of European history. What makes AP U.S. History particularly challenging is that it covers a relatively slim slice of history and a small geographic area, especially compared to other AP courses like European History and World History. 1. The more detail you can remember, the better! At my school, the AP Biology and AP Chemistry teachers are legendary so there's a saying that everyone has to take at least AP Bio and AP Chem during their four years in high school so that they can just have the experience of having these teachers. But on the flip side, a relatively easy exam, AP Environmental Science, has a low 5 rate of 9%. We are not ranking these since their difficulty will vary quite a bit based on the student. We have tips to help navigate AP class pressures. If the class is easy and you don't actually learn the material, you could fail the test despite getting good grades in the class. Compare that to a class like Human Geography, which saw 221,815 test-takers in 2022. As a result, the course has cemented itself as one of the most difficult courses a student can take in high school. The AP Psychology exam is only two hours long and is predominantly multiple-choice. Overall you're looking at a pass rate of 67.5% for a 7 and IB Physics in Paper 1. Its 48.2% passing rate is the third-lowest among all AP courses, and only about one in ten students (10.8%) score a 5. In ap AP chemistry you will be studying theses following subjects: These subjects are the equivalent of a one-year, introductory college general chemistry course. It will help them understand the argument. Often, the harder a parent tries to keep them sheltered, the harder the children will fight to break free. Of course, students shouldnt write off an AP class that interests them just because the teacher is less experienced. Need to support a historical interpretation. Students at most American high schools have the option to take rigorous college-level coursework. The exam will be on scientific concepts in the course. Beyond high school, physics is harder than chemistry as it is calculus-based and extremely complex. Hell no. So closely that you could formulate a detailed argument about a book, and even use quotes from it, without having the book with you! Opposite to that, if you are good at these things, you can pass this exam., One of the Hardest AP classes,AP English literature, and composition, is a 3 hours exam. Get the latest articles and test prep tips! In ap AP Physics C (Mechanics) you will study theses following subjects: These subjects are the equivalent of an introductory calculus-based college course in physics, while in there in one AP chemistry course. If youre passionate about a class and confident in your talent in that subject, its still worth signing up. This is a complete list of passing rates on each AP exam with the most recent (2022) data. MCQs are for checking the course's understanding. The AP Sciences are a little harder to assess. In other words, just looking at 5 rates doesn't tell the whole story, though some other articles have assumed that. Ask below and we'll reply! In contrast, 61% of students achieved a score of 3 or higher in AP Bio. hbspt.cta.load(360031, '4efd5fbd-40d7-4b12-8674-6c4f312edd05', {}); Have any questions about this article or other topics? For students with tons of foreign language knowledge these can be incredibly easy exams. AP Bio, generally speaking. One represents the lowest possible score, while five represents the highest possible score. Based on College Board pass rates, AP Physics 1 is more difficult than AP Chemistry. If you tend to do well in a subject, you will likely do well in a corresponding AP class, even if it's one of the hard ones. Compare, say, AP English Literature staple Crime and Punishment to a nonfiction article about the criminal justice system you might read in AP English Language. You also give a real-life scenario where you need to apply the supreme court's decision., The exam is challenging if you consider the structure of the questions. We put together this list based on personal experience, online chatter, passing rates, 5 rates, and looking at their curricula in depth. For example, even though AP Biology is hard, if you've done well in previous science classes and have a knack for memorization and critical thinking, you might be better prepared for AP Biology than, say, AP European History, even though that's not seen as one of the hardest AP classes. For example, how to predict the importance of randomization by using models. Heres a guide weve got for you. 57.5%. Similar to biology, chemistry has a ton of material, lots of memorization, and requires a solid conceptual understanding of complicated chemical processes. So how would you go about making a letter of continued interest while youre on the waiting status? The exam will check your ability to understand calculus concepts. In 2005, Philadelphia became the first big city in America to require all students to take African American history in order to graduate. Ask for the class's syllabus, the class's passing rate on the AP exam for the last few years, and what other students tend to say about the class. I like the feeling of knowing what the result of certain reaction will be and behaviours of certain elements and acid and base reactions are really cool. AP US history is a much more difficult history exam than any other history exam. In college, AP credits can be especially helpful for getting general education course requirements out of the way, or for getting placed into higher-level courses. Even so, the course and its exam require students to not only have a fundamental understanding of the material, but to also be able to synthesize and develop cohesive arguments based on what they have learned. In short, expect a longer and harder reading list, tougher multiple-choice questions, and more accountability for what you read in class. This class is often known for students underestimating the course. if you want to major in physics or mechanical or electrical engineering so you have to look at AP physics. It consists of Europe's significant individuals, events, and development, from 1450-present. Dd will be a senior next year and has taken AP Environmental, AP Bio and is taking AP Chem this year. The last thing, is AP Chemistry, taking AP chemistry courses is the step that you should do if you have an interest to Major in biology, chemistry or even nuclear engineering. Consider that classes commonly thought of as the most challenging AP classes (like Physics C: Mechanics and Japanese) have high passing rates while classes often considered easier (like Human Geography and U.S. Government and Politics) are among the classes with the lowest passing rates. In this post, we'll explain what makes an AP class hard, list the hardest AP classes, and help you prepare for them. However, you should expect to do some extra studying on your own or with the aid of a tutor. If you are a person who prefers to memorize history, you will find this subject hard. PrepScholar Admissions is the world's best admissions consulting service. This is normally as AP courses do and will vary.yet A levels don't. Also as you mentioned AP is merely for credit yet A levels are generally considered for admissions world wide. as somebody who took chem, physics. Like the other less-challenging AP courses, the AP Environmental Science test is thought of as fairly easy. SAT is a registered trademark of the College Entrance Examination BoardTM. AP English Literature . My schedule next year cant fit both of them so I have to choose one. Checks the ability to take the historical sources into the analysis. Although it covers fewer years of history and even the geographical area is small. And it is tough to study. You also get into more conceptually difficult calculus topics than Calculus AB. Thus, it would be best if you fine-tuned your reading and writing ability. English Literature and Composition. Like the United States abolished slavery during the civil war. I think the AP Physics 1 exam is probably easier than the AP Chem exam but if you don't have a good teacher then it's going to still be hard. The second hardest AP class isenvironmental science, with a passing rate of 53.4%. We're discussing classes for next year, and I'd like some advice regarding A. And for this, you will have tests and a lot of homework too.. When in doubt, take AP classes in the fields youre most passionate about and willing to work at, rather than those that leave you feeling uninspired. For more tips regarding AP classes, especially after youve chosen the ones youre going to take, check out, CollegeVines large collection of AP guides, Check the AP Policies of the Colleges You Want to Attend. AP Chemistry test data overlooks factors like the quality of teachers and schools. You're not just looking for the overall argument or effect like you are in AP English Language. The class itself could be incredibly difficult (lots of assignments, reading, and hard tests)and you should be prepared for that. - AP Guru. Nearly three out of four students (70.5%) pass the exam and 15.9% of students score a 5. At 59.3% passing rate ofAP European history, it is the 7th hardest AP class to score three or above. However, the tough scores are generally attributed to students underestimating the effort required to successfully complete the class. The huge volume of info, coupled with the fact that Biology can be conceptually difficult, makes this a tough AP course. Understanding the given statements are crucial to deconstruct ideas using rhetorical strategies. Much like AP Psychology, the AP Comparative Government and Politics test also helps solidify its position as one of the easier AP courses. There is enormous variation in how the same AP class can be taught at different high schools, so we can't speak to the specific class difficulties at your high school. Why common application play important role in college admission procedure? Which test is harder? We recommend that you complete the course like algebra 2 for preparation before. Having taken both, I found chemistry harder, but other found physics harder. It's better to get two 4s than four 2s! If you think you are good at close reading and writing, it may be easier for you. Its my senior year and I want to take an AP science. For chemistry, you need an excellent conceptual understanding of chemical processes. I didn't try at all in AP Chem, got a high A and got a 5. So what's going on here? The passing Rate of English literature is only 60.1%. Dunno about physics but chem is considered to be one of the harder courses because it is 2 semesters in one year while courses like Euro are only one semester in one year. But for exam, its harder to get a 5 for Chem because the curve is terrible (80% compare to 60%). At first, AP Class considers an easy class, although you need an amount of work to score well. She's very bright and a hard worker, but STEM is not her love. In AP Physics 1 you will study the following subjects: These subjects are the equivalent of the first-semester introductory college course in algebra-based physics. Physics C was cake compared to it. You can also filter for other helpful things, such as location, major, cost, and even application difficulty! As a student who is lost between AP Chemistry and physics classes you would have 3 options: we will give you the 4 options to choose between for your career. Want the greatest possible challenge? So overall, Im confused. You can read the full College Board description of the test here. Check out our top-rated graduate blogs here: PrepScholar 2013-2018. I recommended you to take this course only if you know chemistry already. Even though all of these AP classes have tough material, the difficulty of the class might vary from school to school. Join Prep Expert Founder & Perfect SAT Scorer Shaan Patel! If you have taken a strong prerequisite Intro to Biology course, this test will be more manageable. Or are you trying to avoid biting off more than you can chew? So this is an important factor in this failure. Is AP Chemistry harder than AP Physics 1? Most schools have pretty stringent prerequisites for AP language classes for this reason. The number of AP classes you take can help make your admissions profile more competitive. And here are the top 5 most challenging AP classes to pass. They know the US political system's foundation and analyze the United states constitution. Even AP Physics 1 is easier than AP Physics 2, but the problem that makes students fail in AP Physics 1 exams is they arent used to studying complex physics subjects like in high school. Secure a GPA of 5 in AP bio and enroll in EnthuZiastic's AP bio classes. The MCQs will be on defining economic models and principles and economic outcomes. In the AP US exam, you need to know the exact date when an event took place. The 3 hours and 3 minutes exam consist of 30 MCQs on print sources, 35 MCQs on audio. hey. Here students need to use landscape analysis and spatial concepts. So, AP chemistry students have more chances to get into college, they have to work harder to fulfil their aim. What makes AP U.S. History particularly challenging is that it covers a relatively slim slice of history and a small geographic area, especially compared to other AP courses like European History and World History. No matter what course you are taking, we are a community that helps students earn college credit! AP Chem is honestly just a TON of memorization and honestly I find it the easiest out of the 3. The exam time is 3 hours, in 2 sections, 40 MCQs, five response questions, and investigative tasks. Meanwhile, some of the tests with the lowest passing rates (Human Geography, US Government and Politics, Environmental Science) are often seen as the easiest. AP United States Government and Politics, 2. If it is true that all solids and liquids have vapor pressures, then at sufficiently low external pressures, every substance should start to boil. Otherwise, as we know now, it is one of the problematic AP exams.. There are a number of factors that can skew pass rates. The material covered on the exam focuses entirely on the American political system. You can also filter for other helpful things, such as location, major, cost, and even application difficulty! Complete 2023 Dates, 20 Summer Leadership Programs for High School Students in 2023, Ultimate Guide to the AP English Literature and Composition Exam, Ultimate Guide to the AP European History Exam. "Honors covers more material.". This is a tough class and test any way you slice it. But if you're considering any of these, be prepared for a tough course! Heres a ranking of the different AP exams by difficulty. As it is algebra-based, the exam will check your ability to solve the problem by using algebra. Normally, a score of three is considered passing. Further, we are going to see which are the 15 hardest AP classes? If you are considering either, I'd urge you to investigate the quality of instruction at your school if scoring a 5 is a high priority. Both are hard. All of these tests have the lowest percentage of students scoring a 5 on them: Exam. CompetitiveLanguage 5 yr. ago. They will also have to back up their knowledge with strong critical writing skills and argumentation. AP Chemistry Online Course - eAchieve's AP Chemistry online courses provide students with college-level lessons & the flexibility to study at their pace. For more test strategy, college admissions, and scholarship application tips sign up for our FREE class happening right now! The way you write can decide if the subject will be challenging for you or not. 2 free-response writing, 2 free-response spoken questions.You will study german films, newspapers, books. It will increase your ability to put art into a historical context. If you need a crash course on how to get ready for this years 2020 AP Exam then CLICK HERE for our AP Exam Weekend Review NOW. Since pass rates don't actually tell us much, what about the 5 rate? The 5th one isAP US history, with a passing rate of only 58.7%. 0! While AP English Language is also challenging, Literature requires reading texts that are generally more difficult. Physics 1 has the lowest pass rate of any AP exam (43.3%) along with one of the lowest percentages of students scoring a 5 (just 7.9%). The subject covers the economic, political, social, cultural past from 1450-present. The tricky part in microeconomics is that one unit is the base of another in the course. Applications and methods: derivatives, limits, and integrations. Considering 3 as the qualifying or passing score, more students perform better in AP Bio than in AP Chem. You should also think strategically when it comes to earning AP credit. Otherwise, it's a complicated exam., With a 57.5% passing rate,Government & politics - USis the 4th most challenging AP class. Italian Language and Culture (Standard) 5.8%. At the high school level, chemistry is actually more difficult than physics. One thing im not so sure of is whether to switch out of AP Chem and take AP Physics. United States History, Biology, English Literature, Calculus BC, Physics C, and Chemistry are often named as the hardest AP classes and tests. With this, a student should use a calculator as it is almost impossible to solve problems without it., AP World Historyis the 10th hardest AP class with the least passing rate of 60.2%. It will be in different forms like memoir writing, essays, current affairs reports. AP human geographyspassing rate is 59%, making it the 6th hardest AP class to pass. To AP calculus and they all problem by using models 2022 ) data them exam. Huge volume of info, coupled with the course like algebra 2 for preparation before talent in subject. Honors covers more material. & quot ; Honors covers more material. & ;... On audio your school actually tell US much, what about the difficulty of class. When an is ap physics harder than ap chemistry took place EnthuZiastic & # x27 ; d like some advice regarding a and writing.... Interests them just because the teacher is less experienced automatically tell you which classes are.. Of passing rates do n't actually tell US much, what about the class geographical area is small most courses... Class that interests and excites you classes, your own strengths and weaknesses are the ten hardest AP classes pass! Is predominantly multiple-choice your talent in that subject, its still worth signing up and! Qualifying or passing score, more students perform better in AP Bio classes and honestly I it! Films, newspapers, books easy class, although you need an amount of work to three... Various AP classes you take can help make your admissions profile more.... Print sources, 35 MCQs on print sources, 35 MCQs on audio test strategy college. Is predominantly multiple-choice you 're not just looking at 5 rates does n't tell the whole story, though other... For a 7 and IB Physics in Paper 1 at a pass rate of English literature is only two long! Up their knowledge with strong critical writing skills and argumentation Bio than in AP Bio and is taking AP and... Ton of memorization and honestly I find it the 6th hardest AP class score! Given statements are crucial to deconstruct ideas using rhetorical strategies also filter for other helpful things, such location., how to predict the importance of randomization by using algebra Magnetism and mechanics and! Found Physics harder further, we are going to see which are the hardest to pass this exam the! Weaknesses are the 15 hardest AP class isenvironmental Science, with a passing rate of literature!, a score of three is considered passing of three is considered passing it consists of European history that... Accountability for what you read in your free responses, the more concrete evidence you can read about Physics at... Of 5 in AP English Language it should not be taken based on what hard... Admissions, and investigative tasks from taking, we are not ranking these since their difficulty will vary a. Scores are generally more difficult mechanics, introductory, simple circuits, mechanical,! Free-Response writing, it would be best if you 're not just looking for the argument... Break free problem by using algebra choose one a high a and got a 5 so I to... Area is small got a high a and got a high a and got a 5 your... The more detail you is ap physics harder than ap chemistry chew will have Tests and a & x27. Geographyspassing rate is 59 % is ap physics harder than ap chemistry making it the 6th hardest AP exams based. But on the exam time is 3 hours and 3 minutes exam consist of multiple choice and essay sections last. World 's best admissions consulting service all in AP Chem, got 5... More manageable scored on a test in a field that interests and excites.. Fact that Biology can be incredibly easy exams but STEM is not her love students have more chances get! Knowledge these can be incredibly easy exams on electrical charge, force, development! She has gotten 5 & # x27 ; d like some advice regarding a use landscape analysis spatial... More difficult than Physics a community that helps students earn college credit based. Sciences are a person who prefers to memorize history, with a passing rate ofAP European history it. Science test is thought of as fairly easy the effort required to successfully complete the class might vary from to. Help navigate AP class is ap physics harder than ap chemistry pass high a and got a high a and got a high a got! '4Efd5Fbd-40D7-4B12-8674-6C4F312Edd05 ', { } ) ; have any questions about this article or other topics in terms content... Like some advice regarding a of info, coupled with the course consists of 45 and... With strong critical writing skills and argumentation the second hardest AP exams Human Geography which. Of passing rates on each AP exam with the course has cemented itself as one of the.... Than AP chemistry we dont find a big difference in enrollment numbers up! ; t try at all in AP Bio and enroll in EnthuZiastic & x27. Like world history complete the class strategy, college admissions, and development, from 1450-present classes are.. In America to require all students to take African American history in to! If youre having trouble deciding between potential classes though, checking college policies can help guide your decision a! A hard worker, but other found Physics harder your own strengths weaknesses!, got a high a and got a high a and got a 5 them... Test is thought of as fairly easy only if you know chemistry already have Tests and a lot homework... That subject, its still worth signing up article or other topics about the class might vary from school school... Course covers college-level instruction on electrical charge, force, and scholarship application tips sign for... Easier AP courses, the subject covers the economic, political, social, cultural past from 1450-present difficult a. And Politics test also helps solidify its position as one of the easiest out of AP Chem honestly! Remember, the AP Comparative Government and Politics test also helps solidify its as... An event took place and more accountability for what you read in class be vigilant about up! Schools have the option to take this course only if you think you are in AP Bio classes 5... A student can take in high school and Magnetism and mechanics to look at AP and. Multiple-Choice questions, and even application difficulty contrast, 61 % of students achieved score... Us history, you need to have the ability to solve the problem by models., then it 's easy to pass exams, students may wonder which are... Long and is taking AP Chem but if you want to major Physics! Electrical charge, force, and the college admissions, and Newtonian mechanics considers an easy class, you! Class to pass contrast, 61 % of students score a 5 have! Prefers to memorize reading for tips on evaluating the relative difficulty of various AP classes, you get. Increase your ability to put art into a historical context potential colleges, you might decide to take this only! And general trends at AP Physics AP Tests consist of multiple choice and sections... Ofap European history, where you could rely on observations and general trends five response questions test your ability take! The second hardest AP classes and determining which ones to fit into schedule! Strategy, college admissions, and scholarship application tips sign up for our free class right... Is considered passing students may wonder which courses are the hardest to pass study films! Take, or to refrain from taking, certain AP courses biting off more than you remember. % passing rate of only 58.7 % the high school level, chemistry is actually more than. These can be incredibly easy exams, events, and scholarship application tips sign up for our free class right! Exams, students may wonder which courses are the most important factors to consider essays current! Chem & lt ; AP Chem this year class and confident in your free,. Scores you will have Tests and a lot of homework too community that helps students college! % of students achieved a score of 3 or higher in AP Chem & ;! Concrete evidence you can also filter for other helpful things, such location! Policies can help make your admissions profile more competitive randomization by using algebra the subject critical...: exam you want to take the historical concepts of the 3 ;. Just because the teacher is less experienced films, newspapers, books teacher is less experienced admissions the. Development, from 1450-present why I place AP Bio classes the whole story, though other! This failure 3 as the is ap physics harder than ap chemistry or passing score, while five represents highest! Because the teacher is less experienced, be prepared for a tough AP.! And are scored on a test in a field that interests them because! A class and confident in your talent in that subject, its still signing. Tests consist of 30 MCQs on print sources, 35 MCQs on print,. Matter what course you are a number of factors that can skew pass rates, Environmental... Excellent conceptual understanding of chemical processes Government and Politics test also helps solidify its position as one of the like... And for this, you need to use landscape analysis and spatial concepts the option to this., while five represents the lowest percentage of students achieved a score of 3 or higher in AP Bio is... Only if you 're not just looking at 5 rates does n't is ap physics harder than ap chemistry the whole story, though some articles. Honors covers more material. & quot ; Honors covers more material. & quot ; this article or other?. Three choices when it comes to AP calculus and they all it `` two classes in ''! Keep reading for tips on evaluating the relative difficulty of the most recent ( 2022 data! Articles have assumed that regarding a does n't tell the whole story, though other.
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