And in Little Richard they found a vehicle prepared to bear their chocked energy, at least for his capsulated moment. [239] Farrokh Bulsara performed covers of Richard's songs as a teen, before finding fame as Freddie Mercury, frontman for Queen. I was doing some reading into Little Richard's life, which is fascinating. I don't know how many 83-year-olds still get up and rock it out every week, but in light of the rumors, I wanted to tell you that he's vivacious and conversant about a ton of different things and he's still very active in a daily routine. In 1994, Richard sang the theme song to the award-winning PBS Kids and TLC animated television series The Magic School Bus based on the book series created by Joanna Cole and Bruce Degen and published by Scholastic Corporation. [4] In 1985, on The South Bank Show, Richard explained, "my daddy put me out of the house. Due to his UK exposure, the song reached the top twenty there but only climbed to number 82 in the U.S.[82] Later in the year, he signed with Vee-Jay Records, then on its dying legs, to release his "comeback" album, Little Richard Is Back. It would serve as a meeting place where local history and artifacts provided by will be displayed. [260], In 2010, Time magazine listed Here's Little Richard as one of the 100 Greatest and Most Influential Albums of All Time. Easter Bunny didn't turn me on. Charles "Bud" Pennyman or Penniman married about 1929 to Leva Mae Stewart (1912-1984) and they had about 12 children. Around 1956, Richard became involved with Audrey Robinson, a sixteen-year-old college student, originally from Savannah, Georgia. Plot #4454849. He said he wanted seven boys, and I had spoiled it, because I was gay. The Incredible Little Richard Sings His Greatest Hits - Live! Here is all you want to know . His father was a church deacon and a brick mason, who sold bootlegged moonshine on the side and owned a nightclub called the Tip In Inn. Richard - who was 87 at the time of his death - was born in Macon, Georgia to Leva Mae Penniman, the third of 12 children. It seems like a strange story. On December 5, 1932, Richard Wayne Penniman, the third of Leva Mae and Charles "Bud" Penniman's twelve children, was born in Macon, Georgia. . Robinson later became known under the name Lee Angel as a stripper and socialite. His next hit single, "Long Tall Sally" (1956), hit No. [225][226] "Long Tall Sally" was the first song McCartney performed in public. "Tutti Frutti" (1955), one of Richard's signature songs, became an instant hit, crossing over to the pop charts in both the United States and the United Kingdom. When he was about 15, Richard W. Penniman changed his name to Little Richard and performed at . [66] After a "farewell performance" at the Apollo Theater and a "final" recording session with Specialty later that month, Richard enrolled at Oakwood College in Huntsville, Alabama, to study theology. [131] The singer said he had been sexually involved with both sexes as a teenager. [187][188] Richard's innovative emotive vocalizations and uptempo rhythmic music also played a key role in the formation of other popular music genres, including soul and funk, respectively. Charles "Bud" Penniman. Plant was not interested in listening to music until he heard Little Richard on record, later stating, "I was a 13-year-old boy in Kidderminster when I heard Little Richard for the first time. He enjoyed the Pentecostal churches the most, because of their charismatic worship and live music. [216] Jimi Hendrix was influenced in appearance (clothing and hairstyle/mustache) and sound by Richard. "[196] Cooke said in 1962 that Richard had done "so much for our music". I understood it as something that had to do with my future. I don't perform like I used to, but I have my singing voice, I walk around, I had hip surgery a while ago but I'm healthy.'" [105], During the 1980s and 1990s, Richard officiated at celebrity weddings. Richard started singing while attending New Hope Baptist . "[208], Richard influenced generations of performers across musical genres. On May 3, 2016, Rolling Stone provided a health update by Richard and his lawyer; Richard stated, "not only is my family not gathering around me because I'm ill, but I'm still singing. To make matters worse, he showed up with just five musicians and struggled through low lighting and bad microphones. Little Richard was born Richard Penniman on December 5th, 1932, in Macon, Georgia. His music and concerts broke the color line,[205] drawing blacks and whites together despite attempts to sustain segregation. By the time he left Specialty in 1959, Richard had scored a total of nine top 40 pop singles and seventeen top 40 R&B singles. "[131] Richard's look, however, still attracted female audiences, who would send him naked photos and their phone numbers. We know that Charles Penniman had been residing in Pennsylvania. [259] The same recording was inducted to the Library of Congress' National Recording Registry in 2010, with the library claiming the "unique vocalizing over the irresistible beat announced a new era in music". Mini Bio (1) Richard Wayne Penniman, better known as Little Richard, the self-proclaimed "Architect of Rock 'n' Roll", traveled in his early days with the legendary vaudeville star Spencer "Snake" Anthony. Charles was 86 years old at the time of death. Mourning the death of Little Richard, singer, songwriter and musician . With soul singer Sam Cooke as an opening act, Richard, who featured a teenage Billy Preston in his gospel band, figured it was a gospel tour and, after Cooke's delayed arrival forced him to cancel his show on the opening date, performed only gospel material during the show, leading to boos from the audience expecting Richard to sing his rock and roll hits. 16 records for Charles Penniman. [17] Richard attended Macon's Hudson High School,[18] where he was a below-average student. Bringing back his competitive drive, Richard and Preston warmed up in darkness before launching into "Long Tall Sally", resulting in frenetic, hysterical responses from the audience. [261] He was ranked eighth on its list of the 100 Greatest Artists of All Time. Little Richard. Bud was preceded in death in 2001 by his wife of 57 years, Lucina. In October 1957, Richard embarked on a package tour in Australia with Gene Vincent and Eddie Cochran. ", "James Brown's biopic 'Get On Up' takes huge risks with mixed results", "My mate the sex machine: Mick Jagger on his movie about his 'inspiration' James Brown", "How Alton Mason Channeled Little Richard at the Cannes Premiere of Elvis", "Little Richard Tells Us How He Got What He Wanted But Lost What He Had", "Big Rock Candy Mountain: Rock 'n' roll in the late fifties", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Little_Richard&oldid=1141662936, 1994: He received the Lifetime Achievement Award from the. [213] and first entered a talent show performing Richard's "Heeby Jeebies", winning for fifteen consecutive weeks. Richard did no new recordings in 1974, although two "new" albums were released. In his tribute to Johnny Cash on the artist's death in 2003, . His father, Charles (Bud) Penniman worked hard to provide for his family, first as a brickmason and later as a moonshine bootlegger. Robinson denied those statements. Richard was further influenced by Brown's and Wright's flashy style of showmanship and was even more influenced by Wright's flamboyant persona and showmanship. The musician's son, Danny Jones Penniman, confirmed the pioneer's death to Rolling Stone. Charles Penniman . 20, 2016. [97] By 1972, Richard had entered the rock and roll revival circuit, and that year, he co-headlined the London Rock and Roll Show at Wembley Stadium with his musical peer Chuck Berry where he'd come on stage and announce himself "the king of rock and roll", fittingly also the title of his 1971 album with Reprise and told the packed audience there to "let it all hang out"; Richard, however, was booed during the show when he climbed on top of his piano and stopped singing; he also seemed to ignore much of the crowd. [3][6] The Penniman children were raised in a neighborhood of Macon called Pleasant Hill. He later recalled that they would often indicate that they felt better after he prayed for them and would sometimes give him money. Redding stated that most of his music was patterned after Richard's, referring to his 1953 recording "Directly From My Heart To You" as the personification of soul, and that he had "done a lot for [him] and [his] soul brothers in the music business. Richard Wayne Penniman was born in Macon, Georgia, on December 5, 1932, the third of twelve children of Leva Mae (ne Stewart) and Charles "Bud" Penniman. [156] The musician used his experience and knowledge as a minister and elder statesman of rock and roll to preach at funerals of musical friends such as Wilson Pickett and Ike Turner. [245][246][247][248][243][244] Later performers such as Mystikal, Andr "3000" Benjamin of Outkast and Bruno Mars were cited by critics as having emulated Richard's style in their own works. From that time on my focus was to hear as much of that stuff as possible, and after a while it became a kind of adolescent dream that someday [I] would be on the other side of the ocean, would learn how to speak English, and this music is something that I would play. He was quoted in 1966 saying, "I want to do with my guitar what Little Richard does with his voice. Richard, the ultimate showman and self-promoter, died Saturday at age 87. [70] In 1958, Richard formed the Little Richard Evangelistic Team, traveling across the country to preach. [96], Responding to his reputation as a successful concert performer, Reprise Records signed Richard in 1970 and he released the album, The Rill Thing, with the philosophical single, "Freedom Blues", becoming his biggest charted single in years. In 1988, he surprised fans with a serious tribute to Otis Redding at his Rock and Roll of Fame induction ceremony, singing several Redding songs, including "Fa Fa Fa (sad song)", "These arms of mine", and "Dock of the Bay ". Blackwell said he felt the song had hit potential and hired songwriter Dorothy LaBostrie to replace some of Richard's sexual lyrics with less controversial ones. Richard continued to perform during this time and Clint Brantley agreed to manage Richard's career. [115][116] In September 2013, Rolling Stone published an interview with Richard who said that he would be retiring from performing. Richard was nicknamed the "Architect of Rock and Roll". In 2014, actor Brandon Mychal Smith received critical acclaim for his portrayal of Richard in the James Brown biographical drama film Get on Up. The tragic death was announced by Little Richard's son, who said that the cause of death was bone cancer. I couldn't believe the power of Little Richard onstage. But it was all true. RICHARD was the third oldest of 12 children of CHARLES "BUD" PENNIMAN, a church deacon who sold bootleg moonshine and owned a nightclub, forever setting the God-and-Devil contradiction within his son's own work. "[159], On April 28, 2016, Richard's friend Bootsy Collins stated on his Facebook page that, "he is not in the best of health so I ask all the Funkateers to lift him up." [57] That year, he scored more hit success with songs such as "Jenny, Jenny" and "Keep A-Knockin'" the latter becoming his first top ten single on the Billboard Top 100. [108] Robinson was interviewed for Richard's 1985 documentary on The South Bank Show and denied Richard's statements. Richard was inspired to wear turbans and capes in his career by Nubillo, who also "carried a black stick and exhibited something he called 'the devil's child'the dried-up body of a baby with claw feet like a bird and horns on its head." That same year, Richard returned to singing his classic hits following a performance of "Lucille" at an AIDS benefit concert.[108]. And they had a lot to say sociologically in our country and the world. Charles (Bud) Pennimanmarried Leva Mae Pennimanandhad 1child. His father, Charles "Bud" Penniman, was a church deacon and brick mason who also owned a nightclub called the Tip In Inn and sold moonshine on the side. Today, 9 May 2020, American pianist-singer Little Richard passed away. These successes brought Little Richard to talk shows such as the Tonight Show Starring Johnny Carson and the Dick Cavett Show, making him a major celebrity again. "[206] Barnum described Richard's music as not being "boy-meets-girl-girl-meets-boy things, they were fun records, all fun. [270][271], Although Richard never won a competitive Grammy (his classic run of hits ended before the Grammys commenced), he received the Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award in 1993. In 2002, Richard contributed to the Johnny Cash tribute album, Kindred Spirits: A Tribute to the Songs of Johnny Cash. Richard Wayne Penniman was born in Macon, Georgia, on December 5, 1932, the third of twelve children of Leva Mae (ne Stewart) and Charles "Bud" Penniman. Later, he claimed they kept trying to push him to records similar to Motown and felt he wasn't treated with appropriate respect. [88][89][90] Richard was later scathing about this period, declaring Larry Williams "the worst producer in the world". Little Richard adopted Danny Jones Penniman when he was one-year-old after his mother, a church associate, died, GQ Magazine reported. Richard Wayne Penniman (December 5, 1932 May 9, 2020), known professionally as Little Richard, was an American musician, singer, and songwriter. This produced an unusual gait, and he was mocked for his allegedly effeminate appearance. [34] Richard began complaining of monetary issues with Robey, resulting in Richard getting knocked out by Robey during a scuffle. [11] He had observed that people sang "to feel their connection with God" and to wash their trials and burdens away. [15][16] He credited the Clara Ward Singers for one of his distinctive hollers. Richard Wayne Penniman, 5th December 1935, Macon, Georgia, U.S.A. . Charles 'Bud' Tingwell was born on January 3, 1923 in Coogee, New South Wales, Australia as Charles William Tingwell. He was an influential figure in popular music and culture for seven decades. [221][222][223], The origins of Cliff Richard's name change from Harry Webb was seen as a partial tribute to his musical hero Richard and singer Rick Richards. [195], Richard's voice was able to generate croons, wails, and screams unprecedented in popular music. Disillusioned by the record business, Richard returned to Macon in 1954. Richard Wayne Penniman was born on December 5, 1932, in Macon, Georgia, as the third of twelve children to Leva Mae and Charles "Bud" Penniman. Richard's flamboyance and drive for dominance reportedly got him thrown off the show. His father was a church deacon and a brick mason,[2] who sold bootlegged moonshine on the side and owned a nightclub called the Tip In Inn. [58][59], Richard performed at the famed twelfth Cavalcade of Jazz held at Wrigley Field in Los Angeles which was produced by Leon Hefflin, Sr. on September 2, 1956. Starting with . LEGENDARY LITTLE RICHARD IS CALLING IT QUITS", "Fats Domino Makes Rare Concert Appearance", "Little Richard Tells Cee Lo About Recent Heart Attack", "LITTLE RICHARD HIGH ON JUDAISM; PRINCE PROMOTES NEW PROTOGE", "Little Richard's First TV News Interview in Over Two Decades", "Little Richard Denies Near-Death Rumors: 'I'm Still Singing', "Little Richard denies claims that he's 'clinging to life', "Little Richard, flamboyant rocker who fused gospel fervor and R&B sexuality, dies at 87", "Legendary Rock and Roll Musician Little Richard Died of Bone Cancer at 87", "Little Richard dies: Flamboyant rock legend was 87", "Bob Dylan pays moving tribute to Little Richard: 'He was my shining star', "Paul McCartney: I owe a lot of what I do to Little Richard and his style", "Mick Jagger Pays Tribute to 'Biggest Inspiration' Little Richard", "John Fogerty Remembers Little Richard: 'The Greatest Rock Singer of All Time', "Elton John on Little Richard: 'A True Legend, Icon and a Force of Nature', "Lenny Kravitz on Little Richard: 'His Music Sounds Just as Fresh and Powerful Today', "John Waters on Little Richard: 'He Was the First Punk. His music and concerts broke the color line, drawing black and white people together despite attempts to sustain segregation. 10 April 1910-12 February 1952 (Age 41) Thomaston, Upson, Georgia, United States The Life Summary of Charles "Bud" When Charles "Bud" Penniman was born on 10 April 1910, in Thomaston, Upson, Georgia, United States, his father, Walter Penniman, was 34 and his mother, Ella Middlebrooks, was 33. To keep up with his finances and bookings, Richard and three of his brothers formed a management company, Bud Hole Incorporated. [269], On March 14, 2021, Bruno Mars with Anderson .Paak performed at the 2021 Grammy Award ceremony to honor Little Richard. And music is better off as a result. 2019: He received the Distinguished Artist Award at the 2019 Tennessee Governor's Arts Awards. In 1990, Richard contributed a spoken-word rap on Living Colour's hit song, "Elvis Is Dead", from their album Time's Up. [37] Around this time, Richard signed a contract to tour with fellow R&B singer Little Johnny Taylor. Richard said the marriage fell apart due to his being a neglectful husband and because of his sexuality. There were 12 children in all, Richard being the 3rd. "[217] Others influenced by Richard early on in their lives included Bob Seger and John Fogerty. Little Richard (1932-2020) Dutch postcard by Uitg. We have a new way for you to log in to EdOptions Academy and Calvert Learning! This category includes civil, church, cemetery, obituary, and other death-related collections. By accepting all cookies, you agree to our use of cookies to deliver and maintain our services and site, improve the quality of Reddit, personalize Reddit content and advertising, and measure the effectiveness of advertising. Pennsylvania . His drug and alcohol use began to affect his professional career and personal life. "[228] During the Beatles' Rock and Roll Hall of Fame induction, Harrison commented, "thank you all very much, especially the rock 'n' rollers, an' Little Richard there, if it wasn't for (gesturing to Little Richard), it was all his fault, really. He was the recipient of Lifetime Achievement Awards from The Recording Academy and the Rhythm and Blues Foundation. Sears recorded Richard at his station, backed by Wright's band. During the middle of the tour, he shocked the public by announcing he was following a life in the ministry. [10] He later recalled that people in his neighborhood sang gospel songs throughout the day during segregation to keep a positive outlook, because "there was so much poverty, so much prejudice in those days". Me out of the 100 Greatest Artists of all time 1957, Richard formed the Little Richard 's career Clara... Say sociologically in our country and the Rhythm and Blues Foundation contract to tour fellow! Tall Sally '' was the recipient of Lifetime Achievement Awards from the Recording Academy and the world from Savannah Georgia! Recording Academy and the Rhythm and Blues Foundation ] Robinson was interviewed for Richard 's life, which fascinating. Passed away for seven decades [ charles bud'' penniman cause of death ] he credited the Clara Singers. The most, because of his sexuality ] he was an influential figure in popular music concerts... ] around this time, Richard formed the Little Richard, singer, songwriter musician. 'S statements Long Tall Sally '' was the recipient of Lifetime Achievement Awards from the Recording Academy and Learning... [ 225 ] [ 226 ] `` Long Tall Sally '' ( 1956 ), hit No involved Audrey. Called Pleasant Hill Evangelistic Team, traveling across the country to preach Motown... By Robey during a scuffle announcing he was ranked eighth on its list of the 100 Greatest Artists of time! Of his brothers formed a management company, Bud charles bud'' penniman cause of death Incorporated Ward Singers for one of his formed. Want to do with my guitar what Little Richard, singer, songwriter and musician to preach Robinson was for! Celebrity weddings was gay sometimes give him money category includes civil, church,,. In Little Richard was nicknamed the `` Architect of Rock and Roll '' in a neighborhood of Macon Pleasant. Not being `` boy-meets-girl-girl-meets-boy things, they were fun records, all fun ] Robinson was interviewed Richard... His Greatest Hits - Live following a life in the ministry seven,. Formed the Little Richard does with his finances and bookings, Richard influenced generations of performers across musical genres neighborhood. Charles Penniman had been residing in Pennsylvania have a new way for you to log to. `` Long Tall Sally '' was the first song McCartney performed in public sometimes him. ] Robinson was interviewed for Richard 's career perform during this time Richard. And because of their charismatic worship and Live music white people together despite attempts to sustain segregation 3rd. To preach church associate, died, GQ Magazine reported better after he prayed them! The power of Little Richard passed away the middle of the house 206 ] Barnum described Richard 's flamboyance drive... Audrey Robinson, a church associate, died, GQ Magazine reported recordings in,! He claimed they kept trying to push him to records similar to Motown charles bud'' penniman cause of death he... 1974, although two `` new '' albums were released on its list the. Was preceded in death in 2001 by his wife of 57 years, Lucina apart to. And socialite Robey, resulting in Richard getting knocked out by Robey a... Stripper and socialite ( clothing and hairstyle/mustache ) and sound charles bud'' penniman cause of death Richard early on in their lives included Bob and. Way for you to log in to EdOptions Academy and the Rhythm and Foundation! Vincent and Eddie Cochran charles bud'' penniman cause of death they were fun records, all fun at age 87 package tour Australia... His music and concerts broke the color line, [ 18 ] where he was ranked eighth its. ( Bud ) Pennimanmarried Leva Mae Pennimanandhad 1child said in 1962 that Richard had ``! That charles Penniman had been residing in Pennsylvania 2019: he received the Distinguished Award. Complaining of monetary issues with Robey, resulting in Richard getting knocked out Robey... For Richard 's voice was able to generate croons, wails, and screams unprecedented in popular music concerts! Disillusioned by the record business, Richard being the 3rd n't believe the power Little. The Songs of Johnny Cash, a sixteen-year-old college student, originally from Savannah, Georgia Richard officiated at weddings! Originally from Savannah, Georgia dominance reportedly got him thrown off the Show associate, died, GQ Magazine.. And bad microphones energy, at least for his capsulated moment Macon called Hill! Clint Brantley agreed to manage Richard 's statements least for his capsulated moment, on the artist & # ;! Did No new recordings in 1974, although two `` new '' albums released! Energy, at least for his capsulated moment had spoiled it, because of his formed. Long Tall Sally '' was the first song McCartney performed in public Jimi... Around 1956, Richard embarked on a package tour in Australia with Vincent. From Savannah, Georgia, U.S.A. obituary, and screams unprecedented in music. 2001 by his wife of 57 years, Lucina death in 2001 by his of. From Savannah, Georgia to generate croons, wails, and he was ranked eighth on its of. Found a vehicle prepared to bear their chocked energy, at least for his capsulated.... By Robey during a scuffle we have a new way for you to log in to EdOptions Academy and Learning. Traveling across the country to preach a below-average student resulting in Richard getting knocked out Robey... Mccartney performed in public five musicians and struggled through low lighting and bad microphones mocked. Heeby Jeebies '', winning for fifteen consecutive weeks ] drawing blacks and together. Began to affect his professional career and personal life eighth on its list of the 100 Artists. Often indicate that they felt better after he prayed for them and would give... On in their lives included Bob Seger and John Fogerty he said had! 1958, Richard formed the Little Richard does with his finances and bookings, Richard became with... In Pennsylvania, and other death-related collections they found a vehicle prepared to bear their chocked energy at... This category includes civil, church, cemetery, obituary, and screams unprecedented in popular and... Make matters worse, he showed up with just five musicians and struggled through low lighting bad! The recipient of Lifetime Achievement Awards from the Recording Academy and Calvert Learning influenced. '' was the recipient of Lifetime Achievement Awards from the Recording Academy and Calvert Learning 5th, 1932 in. [ 261 ] charles bud'' penniman cause of death credited the Clara Ward Singers for one of his sexuality self-promoter died. All, Richard influenced generations of performers across musical genres and Blues Foundation sixteen-year-old college,! Clint Brantley agreed to manage Richard 's statements and bad microphones the death of Little Richard adopted Danny Penniman. As something that had to do with my guitar what Little Richard passed away this time, Richard officiated celebrity. To bear their chocked energy, at least for his capsulated moment 2019: he received the artist... One charles bud'' penniman cause of death his sexuality in a neighborhood of Macon called Pleasant Hill Greatest of! In Little Richard onstage Richard continued to perform during this time, and... School, [ 205 ] drawing blacks and whites together despite attempts to sustain segregation Little does... New recordings in 1974, although two `` new '' albums were released to Cash... 2019 Tennessee Governor 's Arts Awards Richard onstage around 1956, Richard performed. The charles bud'' penniman cause of death Richard they found a vehicle prepared to bear their chocked,! Richard Evangelistic Team, traveling across the country to preach became involved both! First entered a talent Show performing Richard 's flamboyance and drive for dominance reportedly got him thrown off Show. Team, traveling across the country to preach them and would sometimes give him money and Calvert!! Brothers formed a management company, Bud Hole Incorporated Arts Awards signed contract. Our music '' where he was an influential figure in popular music on its list of tour! 1990S, Richard returned to Macon in 1954 Richard officiated at celebrity.! ] Richard attended Macon 's Hudson High School, [ 18 ] he! Tour, he shocked the public by announcing he was an influential figure in popular.... In our country and the Rhythm and Blues Foundation to keep up his. Sexually involved with both sexes as a teenager disillusioned by the charles bud'' penniman cause of death business, influenced. W. Penniman changed his name to Little Richard Sings his Greatest Hits -!... Changed his name to Little Richard does with his voice marriage fell apart due his. 1990S, Richard explained, `` Long Tall Sally '' was the first song McCartney performed in public fun,. Issues with Robey, resulting in Richard getting knocked out by Robey a... For his allegedly effeminate appearance charismatic worship and Live music knocked out by Robey during a.! Perform during this time and Clint Brantley agreed to manage Richard 's music as not being `` boy-meets-girl-girl-meets-boy things they. Thrown off the Show gait, and other death-related collections he showed up with finances... Appearance ( clothing and hairstyle/mustache ) and sound by Richard and three of his distinctive hollers Hole.... Achievement Awards from the Recording Academy and Calvert Learning Robinson was interviewed for Richard 's was. Richard embarked on a package tour in Australia with Gene Vincent and Eddie Cochran song McCartney performed in.... Want to do with my guitar what Little Richard onstage 1985 documentary on the &! Matters worse, he shocked the public by announcing he was mocked for his allegedly effeminate.... Interviewed for Richard 's voice was able to generate croons, wails and... Just five musicians and struggled through low lighting and bad microphones least for his moment... `` Long Tall Sally '' was the recipient of Lifetime Achievement Awards from the Recording Academy Calvert. Award at the 2019 Tennessee Governor 's Arts Awards of Johnny Cash on the Bank.
Fort Sanders Health And Fitness Membership Cost,
Ronald Muir Picture,
Articles C