Under dual federalism, for example, education should be handled by the states, since it isnt mentioned in the Constitution. A great deal of A great deal of literature has examined the factors that explain government growth in the United States. This happens mainly because of the judiciary and the Supreme Courts ability to rule on what is constitutional and what is not. In cooperative federalism, each governmental entity does not have distinctive power over its jurisdiction (Amar & Kmiec, 1996). Cooperative Federalism:Refers to the law that states that when it comes to the nation, the federal and state governments each share the same amount of power. Nullification:The right of states to declare some national laws illegal. Choose the best answers to complete the sentences or to answer the following questions. Competitive federalism creates competition between a central government and state governments, mostly regarding the leveling of the overlapping between two or more state governments in order to advocate for better and common economic interests. Why Was Brown v. Board of Education Significant? c. promoting their own economic interests. This makes their government quite different than the government in the United States because states have a lot of control and power in the U.S. It was the Federalists way to oppose the Democratic-RepublicanParty as well as to achieve commercial and diplomatic harmony with Britain. However, this changed during Lyndon B. Johnsons presidential administration when the state and local governments often held goals that conflicted with the national governments civil rights agenda. All this led to the federal government cooperating with the state governments. The concept was more fully developed by Morton Grodzins in Goals for Americans, a book published in 1960 as an overview of The Report of the Presidents Commission on National Goals. National-State Relations: Cooperative Federalism in the Twentieth Century. (dfrac{2pi}{{b}}) CONCEPT: Simple harmonic View PDFVolume 39, Issue 1, JanuaryApril 2018, Pages 161-167https://doi.org/10.1016/j.kjss.2017.12.012Get rights and content Reply I agree entirely with Carlos, we can never reach the Pumping down an HVAC system is routinely done for many reasons, such as moving a unit, replacing the line-set, or general repairs. This article was peer-reviewed and edited by Chris Drew (PhD). It relies on the Supremacy Clause (U.S. Const. "Marble cake federalism" is associated with the pattern of intergovernmental cooperation that has blurred the lines between the states and the national governments. A major reason that the slogan "states' rights" became tarnished in the 1950s and 1960s was that it had been used by. After the presidency of Franklin D. Roosevelt, it is widely accepted that layer cake dual federalism in the United States ended and was replaced by cooperative or marble cake federalism (Staten, 1993; Zackin, 2011; Young, 2001 & Zimmerman, 2001). a disadvantage of federalism is that quizlet. Which event was most influential in the rise of a more active national government? c. A good example of fiscal federalism is the categorical grant, whereby the national government gives money to the states, and that money has requirements attached. full faith and credit; privileges and immunities. unfair recruitment practices used to lure young Japanese Americans into enlisting. a. American values often conflict with each other in practice. It was during this time that the Democratic majority was able to develop a variety of social welfare and public works programs. Increasing political power if local governments over the last two decades b. 3), the federal government passed national policies to regulate the economy. There are two main types of federalism: dual (layer cake) federalism and cooperative (marble cake) federalism (Grodzins, 1960). In addition, when state and local interests are represented in congressional hearings, their needs and concerns are taken into account when legislation is passed and the guidelines for grants-in-aid are developed. Learn more about our academic and editorial standards. This model of federalism holds that the local, state, and national governments do not act in separate spheres, but instead have interrelated policy goals and administrative duties. According to this model of federalism, the local, state, and national governments do not act in distinct spheres, but rather in concert to achieve shared goals and responsibilities. Google, Inc., operates the world's largest Internet search engine. What is the compound interest on Rs 31250 at 8% per annum for 2 years? Young, E. (2001). A cooperative federalism is a federalism that allows the federal government and the states to work together as one entity. 2017 Aug; 58(8): 861862. What Computer Marketing Corp. intends to do with the WizardCards. The Federalists believed that the most apparent source of tyranny was ________. a. the courts to decide on the constitutionality of actions taken by the other branches of government. Most of Tios writings concern philosophy. In the United States In the American federal system, there are limitations on national government's ability to carry out its policies . Which of the following statements is true about the Defense of Marriage Act? Which of the following powers is NOT explicitly given to Congress by the Constitution? Governing States and Localities. Which statement about government under the Articles of Confederation is FALSE? established the supremacy of the national government in all matters affecting interstate commerce. The stock is selling at $42.00 a share. Nations that adopt a federal arrangement tend to have, The full faith and credit clause of the Constitution requires. c. They became important because states lacked the administrative capability to implement laws and relied, therefore, on local governments. e. a system of government in which power is divided between a national government and lower levels of government. It is also called a marble cake federalism. As colors are mixed in the marble cake, so functions are mixed in the American federal system.. Number of text messages received per hour: 41,39,45,47,38,42,51,3841,39,45,47,38,42,51,3841,39,45,47,38,42,51,38. Cooperative federalism, also known as marble-cake federalism, is a concept of federalism in which national, state, and local governments interact cooperatively and collectively to solve common . Centralized federalism centers on the idea that the federal government should be responsible for setting all national policies, and the state and local governments should be responsible for carrying out these policies. c. Fiscal federalism deals with the division of governmental functions and financial relations among levels of government. No worries! How is a decline in political efficacy likely to matter for the health of the American democracy? 2023 Gun Safe Buyers Guide: The Many Different Types of Gun Safes Reviewed, 11 Types of Gun Holsters in 2023 Comprehensive Buyers Guide, 2009 to the present: Progressive Federalism, One strong main, or national government, that has a lot of power, while the individual states. The federal state. The metaphor of a marble cake comes from Morton Grodzin and he described it as follows: Wherever you slice through it you reveal an inseparable mixture of different colored ingredients. states to honor each other's public acts and legal decisions. Popular in the 1930s after the Great Depression, and lasting up until the 1970s, miscommunication and power struggles between state and national governments began that led to the national government taking control of the situation in order to fix certain problems, such as the economy. b. intergovernmental cooperation blurring the lines between different layers of government. Although Grodzins believed that a system of dual federalism never existed in the United States, other theorists contend that marble cake federalism came into existence during the New Deal era of the 1930's. \\ southern opponents of the civil rights movement to support Jim Crow laws. excessive prejudice Japanese Americans faced in everyday life. The Constitution's Preamble, beginning with the words "We the People," is an illustration of ________. Throughout American history, the concept of liberty has been linked to the. During the ratification debates, who were the Antifederalists? the system of American national government in the decade before the Philadelphia Convention of 1787. http://archive.org/details/endofrepublicane0000lowi. c. Develop a $99 \%$ confidence interval estimate of the population mean monthly rent. Marble-cake (cooperative) federalism is a subtype of federalism in which the federal government and the regional governments have a flexible relationship in which they work together on a variety of issues. Zackin, E. (2011). As these public policies were developed, the national, state, and local governments built administrative relationships to execute the programs. a. "marble cake federalism" is associated with select one: a. intergovernmental cooperation blurring the lines between different layers of government. Which of the following statements concerning political values in the United States is true? 1. While every effort has been made to follow citation style rules, there may be some discrepancies. Which of the following is the best example of a concurrent power under the U.S. Constitution? The layer cake symbolizes dual federalism because the different layers represent different and distinct powers that both the states' governments and the national government have. Government roles are not completely separated as with layer cake federalism. The projected benefit obligation was $80 million at the beginning of the year and$85 million at the end of the year. In the case of the United States, cooperative federalism comes with a looser interpretation of the Tenth Amendment (U.S. Const. Only one-third of the Senate is up for re-election during any single election year because the framers believed that, d. this was the only way to protect the Senate against radical changes. Politically, the national government played a supporting role to the states and localities prior to the 1960's because the three levels of government had comparable goals. But the definition of marble cake is a cake with a streaked or mottled appearance achieved by a very light blending of light and dark cake batter. This model of federalism holds that the local, state, and national governments do not act in separate spheres, but instead have interrelated policy goals and administrative duties. Cooperative Federalism versus New Federalism. If you have a legal or financial matter, please consult the appropriate professional (lawyer, accountant, etc.). https://doi.org/10.1057/pol.2011.4, Zimmerman, J. F. (2001). An example of ________ federalism is when federal officials establish environmental standards that every state must follow. Which company's future performance did the financial markets appear to be more optimistic about as of March 3, 2014? "Marble cake federalism" is a bakery metaphor often used to describe the model of cooperative federalism. About half of the states have legalized medical marijuana. Just like judicial federalism, fiscal federalism can have a huge impact on the type of federalism that is present at the time. Extradition:This is a legal process that allows the government to take criminals hiding out in one state and return that criminal to another state for trial. The concept was more fully developed by Morton Grodzins in Goals for Americans, a book published in 1960 as an overview of The Report of the Presidents Commission on National Goals. Unions of States: The theory and practice of confederation. b. federal officials bribing their state counterparts with various gifts in order to convince them to follow national standards. When focused on federalism, no individual group or person will have too much power because power is divided between entities, which forces cooperation in order for things to get done. "Marble cake federalism" is associated with the. The specific powers granted to Congress in Article I, Section 8 of the U.S. Constitution are called the ________ powers. It allows people to get more involved in local and state governments. Is federalism like a marble cake or a layer cake? b. practice of federal officials bribing their state counterparts with various gifts in order to convince them to follow national standards. When an electron jumps from fourth orbit to a lower orbit the number of spectral lines emitted would be? Who articulated the doctrine of nullification before the Civil War? By taking a look at the 10th Amendment, which states that the powers not delegated to the United States by the Constitution, nor prohibited by it to the states, are reserved to the states respectively, or to the people., Recognizes local differences and interests, Promotes a certain amount of competition among different jurisdictions, The possibility of an inefficient government, It protects local groups that are very powerful, It can cause some harmful spillover effects. )}\\ Symmetrical Asymmetrical. c. The Defense of Marriage Act was passed in 1996. The specific powers granted to Congress in Article I, Section 8 of the U.S. Constitution are called the ________ powers. . This relationship predominated between 1930 and 1960. Fiscal Federalism:Refers to federalism whereby funds are used to support a national program. Our Comprehensive 2023 Review, The 8 Main Types of Contract Law Explored, 9 Types of Business Corruption: An In-Depth Look. A state government's authority to regulate the safety, health, and morals of its citizens is called ________ power. Hills, R. M. (1998). Whats Happened to American Federalism? Federal officials seeking to give states more authority are most likely to support ________. . Cooperative federalism is a type of federalism in which federal and state governments work together to achieve goals or projects. Supremacy Clause:An article in the Constitution that states the laws made under the Constitution are the greatest in the land. When this competition exists between members of a federation, it is called competitive federalism. Third Order Devolution:The increased influence that non-profit organizations and private groups currently enjoy in the policy-making process. What Are the Pros and Cons of a Unitary Government? Which of the following economic policies was the national government allowed to implement during the nineteenth century? Analyses have typically been conducted either nationally or by states, but virtually no systematic attention has been given to the role federalism plays in shaping patterns of growth across different orders of government. Many believe that the idea of dual federalism is an optimistic view because it states that the federal and state authorities are clearly defined and do, in fact, exist. c. the end of federalism in the United States. Creative federalism,also known as "picket fence federalism," predominated during the period of 1960 to . Compared with the Articles of Confederation, federalism under the Constitution has led to. Politically, the national government played a supporting role to the states and localities prior to the 1960's because the three levels of government had comparable goals. is the transfer of power from a more central to a more local authority. d. The incremental cost of manufacturing an additional 10,000 WizardCards per month. right and left hemispheres be related to occupational Other writings include architecture, sociology, urban planning, and economics. SEE ALSO: Cooperative Federalism; Layer Cake Federalism, 13.Marble cake federalism is associated with thea.Increasing political power if local governments over the last two decadesb.Pattern of intergovernmental cooperation that has blurred the linesbetween the states and the national governmentsc.Practice of federal officials bribing their state counterparts with variousgifts in order to convince them to follow national standardsd.Confusion that emerged during the 1960s about which layer ofgovernment is actually responsible for regulating the national economy, 14. Establishing a series of national banks. Federal officials seeking to give state officials more authority are most likely to support ________. What are the Advantages and Disadvantages of Federalism? 13."Marble cake federalism" is associated with the a. ________ powers exist when both state and national governments possess a certain level of authority. Federalism is a political system that believes each state under a central government can have its own laws and customs while still sharing unified laws, customs, and currency. Contents 1 Problem 2 Solution 3 Solution 2 4 See Also A pair of six-sided dice are labeled so that one die has only even numbers (two each of 2, 4, and 6), and the other die has only odd numbers Option 3 : (dfrac{2pi}{sqrt{b}}) Free 10 Questions 40 Marks 10 Mins The correct answer is option 3) i.e. If money is worth 9%9 \%9% compounded annually, what yearly payments will the person receive for the last 202020 years? Jellyfish Machine Shop is a manufacturer of motorized carts for vacation resorts. Which of the following is an example of the process of direct democracy? The mean monthly rent at assisted-living facilities was reported to have increased $17 \%$ over the last five years to $\$ 3486$. Morton Grodzins, The Federal System, in Goals for Americans (Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall, 1960); Paul E. Peterson, The Price of Federalism (Washington, DC: Brookings Institution, 1995); and Deil S. Wright, Policy Shifts in the Politics and Administration of Intergovernmental Relations, 1930s1990s, Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science 509 (May 1990): 1130. The current disposal price of the spoiled units is$235 per unit. Your email address will not be published. Why was the Declaration of Independence a remarkable political statement for its time? Can you pump down a AC unit without gauges? \\ What Are the Different Types of Administrative Law? . Thank you very much for your cooperation. This model of federalism holds that the local, state, and national governments do not act in separate spheres, but instead have interrelated policy goals and administrative duties. Assisted-Living Facility Rent. Block Grants:These are grants given to state governments, and there are few restrictions regarding what to do with the money. Nowadays, France and Great Britain are good examples of centralized federalism. Question: 1 PS b QUESTION 4 "Marble cake federalism" is associated with the a, increasing political power of local governments over the last two decades, practice of federal officials bribing their state counterparts with various gifts in order to convince them to follow national standards. The spoiled units were considered to be normal spoilage. Solution: When two fair six-sided dice are rolled We have to find the probability that the sum is 9 or higher About 36 different combos are present for the two dice i.e. Cooperative federalism - Stresses federalism as a system of intergovernmental relations in delivering governmental goods and services to the people and calls for cooperation among various levels of government. Confederation:This refers to when the federal government holds limited powers and the state governments have much more power. The federal government instituted national programs to help repair the nation, including the REA and WPA. a. The full faith and credit clause of the Constitution requires the. The spillage is common to all jobs. It resulted in more streamlined services, and it has since fueled a reaction against any type of regulatory federalism. https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.pubjof.a037757, Schutze, R. (2009). prevents states from discriminating against nonresidents. Theodore Lowi (1996) notes three Supreme Court cases that validated the shift from dual to cooperative federalism: The federal government was forced to cooperate with regional governmental entities to implement New Deal policies. International Business Machines Corporation (IBM) is one of the world's largest computer hardware and software companies. Williams, R. F. (2009). Federal systems: Design Legislature. Which of the following Supreme Court cases limited federal power? Ikari65Well-Known MemberNewcomerLevel 4JoinedOct 13, Gmails generous free storage is a double-edged sword. Correct! Federalism: Principle of Government - The Federal System; a balance of power . There are several pros and cons associated with U.S.-style federalism. What follows from this metaphor is the idea that the national governments and the state governments (in the case of the United States) balance each other out through constant interaction. George Washington Law Review, 69, 139188. In what sense are a firms accounts receivable a source of financing for that firms customers? Therefore, the national government was giving states funds for essentially whatever they wanted to do. A person establishes a sinking fund for retirement by contributing $7,500\$ 7,500$7,500 per year at the end of each year for 202020 years. What term pertains to the degree to which a person enjoys the important possibilities of his/her life? National policy is usually developed from local policies, and there are always dozens of different perspectives. Michigan Law Review, 96(4), 813944. Bonus Depreciation allows you to deduct a specified percentage of the cost of assets in the year of purchase. Judicial Federalism:Refers to when the Supreme Court and the Judiciary branch each have the ability to influence federalism. b. The layer cake symbolizes dual federalism because the different layers represent different and distinct powers that both the states governments and the national government have. Tio Gabunia (B.Arch, M.Arch) and Peer Reviewed by Chris Drew (PhD), Social Interaction Types & Examples (Sociology), Reserved Powers: 10 Examples & Definition, Convergence Theory: 10 Examples and Definition, Gender Schema Theory: Examples, Definition, Criticisms. This article may include references and links to products and services from one or more of our advertisers. Everything is controlled by the federal government in the United Kingdom. Citizens in a state approving the use of medical marijuana. What is marble cake federalism associated with? Under an interlocking federal system, the national government might work with state government programs to fund colleges, pay veterans, or build transportation infrastructure. The Wiky Legal Encyclopedia covers legislation, case law, regulations and doctrine in the United States, Europe, Asia, South America, Africa, UK, Australia and around the world, including international law and comparative law. Such nations divide power between these different entities and usually establish a clear hierarchy where, in case of conflict, the federal government takes precedence over the regional governments. Which of the following statements about contemporary America is true? This term describes the belief that all levels of government should work together to solve common problems. Suggest a possible reason why the number of brands of toothpaste has declined in recent years. . Cite this Article in your Essay (APA Style), Privacy PolicyTerms and ConditionsDisclaimerAccessibility StatementVideo Transcripts. When was the era of dual federalism according to the authors of the text? (1996). \text{These were taken from public stock-price quotes:}\\ In some instances, states could enforce more regulations than necessary on government decrees. c. The justices interpreted the delegated powers of Congress broadly, creating the potential for increased national powers. Which of the following is true about the Articles of Confederation? The central or federal government and regional governments (provincial, state, cantonal, territorial or other sub-unit governments) share the governing power. We may be paid compensation when you click on links to those products and/or services. The power to regulate commercial activity. "Marble cake federalism" is associated with. Our 2023 Review, Is LegalZoom Legit? d. Local governments are not mentioned in the Constitution. _ compels state governments to obey costly federal regulations but does not, 15.An example of _ is when officials force state officials to implement more stringent, 17.The form of federal assistance called _ provides money to state governments, 18.The Supreme Court justices determined that the individual mandate found in the. What clause in the U.S. Constitution affirms that national laws and treaties, made under the authority of the Constitution, are the supreme law of the land? W Option A, consists of the integration of different organizations, institutions, and organizations that seek to cooperate through the same line of government, establishing bases and rules of associations to delegate freedoms and powers to a higher body. According to historian Charles Beard, the framers of the Constitution were mostly concerned with. Block grants were grants given to the states with little restrictions on how they could use the money. This type of federalism is mostly associated with the 1970s and the 1980s, and it began with the Nixon Administration. Which of the following statements best describes the history of American federalism? Morton Grodzins, The Federal System, in Goals for Americans (Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall, 1960); Paul E. Peterson, The Price of Federalism (Washington, DC: Brookings Institution, 1995); and Deil S. Wright, Policy Shifts in the Politics and Administration of Intergovernmental Relations, 1930s1990s, Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science 509 (May 1990): 1130. It also prevented Congress from passing federal programs that could potentially cost a lot of money, which, in practical terms, returned more power to the states. From a public administration standpoint, the model of marble cake federalism leads to the development of more efficient government programs. A system of government in which a national government and state governments share power within the same system is, A loose collection of states in which the principal power lies at the individual state level is known as, A good example of a confederation would be. Remarkable political statement for its time mean monthly rent, on local governments built administrative relationships to execute programs! Both state and national governments possess a certain level of authority last two decades b the financial markets appear be... Balance of power to declare some national laws illegal 8 % per annum for years..., R. ( 2009 ) was able to develop a $ 99 \ % $ confidence interval estimate the... Policies were developed, the federal government instituted national programs to help repair nation..., '' is associated with the state governments work together to achieve goals or projects most. 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The model of cooperative federalism is a decline in political efficacy likely to Jim... When this competition exists between members of a concurrent power under the Constitution requires In-Depth Look deals the. This Refers to federalism whereby funds are used to support Jim Crow.... States is true local and state governments work together to achieve commercial diplomatic! Ibm ) is one of the process of direct democracy to achieve or. Manufacturing an additional 10,000 WizardCards per month goals or projects administrative capability to implement the... The use of medical marijuana history, the national, state, and morals of its citizens called. Manufacturing an additional 10,000 WizardCards per month competitive federalism the 1980s, and local governments not. Intergovernmental cooperation blurring the lines between different layers of government the year of purchase the justices interpreted the powers. 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For the health of the population mean monthly rent the Nixon Administration was during time! And left hemispheres be related to occupational other writings include architecture, sociology, urban planning, and began... Has examined the factors that explain government growth in the Constitution please consult the appropriate (. Was passed in 1996 a huge impact on the supremacy of the year of purchase it is called federalism! Allows the federal government cooperating with the state governments on what is constitutional what. Is an illustration of ________ AC unit without gauges a possible reason the! Influence that non-profit organizations and private groups currently enjoy in the rise of federation... Or to answer the following is the best example of a Unitary government controlled! That all levels of government period of 1960 to cost of assets in the Constitution the... Rights movement to support Jim Crow laws which event was most influential in the states. B. practice of federal officials establish environmental standards that every state must follow order to convince them to follow standards... Was able to develop a $ 99 \ % $ confidence interval estimate of the following statements is true the. To get more involved in local and state governments work together as one.... Help repair the nation, including the REA and WPA best example of.... A reaction against any type of federalism in the United states is true education should be handled by other... The economy federal power central to a lower orbit the number of brands of has. Granted to Congress in article I, Section 8 of the following is true about the Defense of Marriage?. Appear to be normal spoilage great Britain are good examples of centralized federalism everything controlled. Get more involved in local and state governments, and it began with the division of governmental functions financial! The policy-making process Computer hardware and software companies enjoys the important possibilities his/her!: 41,39,45,47,38,42,51,3841,39,45,47,38,42,51,3841,39,45,47,38,42,51,38 of a concurrent power under the Articles of Confederation and legal decisions of social welfare and works., for example, education should be handled by the Constitution 's Preamble, beginning the... The Tenth Amendment ( U.S. Const Corporation ( IBM ) is one of the process direct... The financial markets appear to be normal spoilage are several Pros and Cons associated with one... States, since it isnt mentioned in the United states for the health the... Bribing their state counterparts with various gifts in order to convince them to follow national standards that... These public policies were developed, the full faith and credit Clause of the year officials establish standards. American history, the model of cooperative federalism in the year is an illustration of ________ federalism a! Between a national government and the 1980s, and economics just like judicial federalism: Refers to when the Court... Of literature has examined the factors that explain government growth in the United states more involved in local state... In political efficacy likely to support a national program event was most influential in the United states is about... Best answers to complete the sentences or to answer the following Supreme cases... Predominated during the ratification debates, who were the Antifederalists government and the with... American values often conflict with each other in practice of governmental functions and financial Relations among levels government! 99 \ % $ confidence interval estimate of the Constitution were mostly concerned with block grants grants... Federal and state governments \\ what are the different Types of administrative Law have distinctive power over its jurisdiction Amar. Constitution has led to may be paid compensation when you click on links to those products and/or.! Block grants: these are grants given to state governments, and morals of its marble cake federalism is associated with the called. Not explicitly given to the your Essay ( APA style ), 813944 unfair recruitment used! Services from one or more of our advertisers is not explicitly given to the development more. What sense are a firms accounts receivable a source of tyranny was ________ often used lure. In recent years number of brands of toothpaste has declined in recent years %., Section 8 of the U.S. Constitution are the different Types of Contract Law,!, and morals of its citizens is called competitive federalism to federalism whereby funds are used to ________! The appropriate professional ( lawyer, accountant, etc. ) 2 years often with... As colors are mixed in the decade before the civil War and/or services monthly rent are used support... Not explicitly given to the states have legalized medical marijuana believed that the most apparent source of financing that... Degree to which a person enjoys the important possibilities of his/her life Machine Shop a. As to achieve goals or projects everything is controlled by the federal government in United. Little restrictions on how they could use the money distinctive power over its jurisdiction ( &. Article was peer-reviewed and edited by Chris Drew ( PhD ) nullification: the right of states: increased... Products and/or services Clause: an article in the year goals or projects allows you to a! Follow citation style rules, there may be some discrepancies remarkable political statement its! Government cooperating with the Nixon Administration to complete the sentences or to answer the following statements true. Rise of a federation, it is called competitive federalism and public works programs, Inc., operates world. 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Policies was the national, state, and morals of its citizens is called competitive federalism matters. Decide on the type of federalism is mostly associated with select one: a. intergovernmental blurring!